Cost allocation rules for elastic single‐attribute situations

Many cooperative games, especially ones stemming from resource pooling in queueing or inventory systems, are based on situations in which each player is associated with a single attribute (a real number representing, say, a demand) and in which the cost to optimally serve any sum of attributes is described by an elastic function (which means that the per‐demand cost is non‐increasing in the total demand served). For this class of situations, we introduce and analyze several cost allocation rules: the proportional rule, the serial cost sharing rule, the benefit‐proportional rule, and various Shapley‐esque rules. We study their appeal with regard to fairness criteria such as coalitional rationality, benefit ordering, and relaxations thereof. After showing the impossibility of combining coalitional rationality and benefit ordering, we show for each of the cost allocation rules which fairness criteria it satisfies. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 271–286, 2017     

基于遗传算法舰船装载码头配置方案优化

两栖输送舰船码头装载过程中,如何科学配置装载码头,使得整个装载任务完成时间最短是部队制定装载方案需要解决的重要难题。依据码头装载配置特点和要求,运用军事运筹学多目标规划理论构建装载码头配置规划模型,并运用遗传算法理论和计算机编程工具实现码头配置规划模型的优化解算。从而提高了部队两栖输送舰船码头装载方案制定的科学性和时效性。     

The resource-conflict debate revisited: Untangling the case of farmer–herdsman clashes in the North Central region of Nigeria

The resource debate is easily discerned as part of the ongoing history of farmer–herdsman conflict in the North Central region of Nigeria. Scarcity theorists are adept at linking scarcity with the onset of livelihood conflict while on the other hand resource abundance pundits insist it is profusion and not scarcity that impels conflict. This article traverses these wrangles and proceeds to downplay the resource polemic altogether. It is proposed that the resource debate, despite its profoundness, presents a narrow reading of farmer–herdsman clashes in Nigeria’s North Central region. It is suggested that a number of other factors, including elite land grabbing, ethno-religious identity construction, weak state capabilities, the citizenship question, corrupt traditional institutions, the lack of an effective land tenure system and a widespread culture of impunity, make for better readings of the conflict. Owing to the negative impacts of the conflict on state and society, it is recommended that the state in Nigeria should commit itself to addressing the citizenship question, strengthening the capabilities of security institutions, extirpating the culture of impunity and revaluing its policy on land redistribution.     

Budget allocation,national security,military intelligence,and human capital: a dynamic model

This study develops a dynamic model that integrates military intelligence into the defense capability of the country and the optimal allocation of its government budget. We assert that the effectiveness of the country’s military intelligence is contingent on the quality of its human capital, which, in turn, implies a long-term positive relationship between the government’s various civilian expenditures and its capacity to achieve a cost-effective intelligence and, hence, military capability. This relationship is developed within a multiple-period arms race model between two rivals. Using this model and stylized data for the Israeli–Syrian arms race, we show that an appropriate budget shift from defense to civilian expenditures during the initial periods of the planning horizon will gradually (over a decade, say) increase the quality of human capital in the country and, thus, the effectiveness of its intelligence, which, in turn, will increase the country’s future security and welfare.     

Attrition through a partially coordinated area defense

An area defense consists of several groups that act independently, i.e., do not communicate with each other. Each group has a fixed number of defenders and a controller that allocates these defenders optimally against the individual attackers comprising an attack. We analyze the effectiveness of this partially coordinated defense against a simultaneous attack of known size in which all attackers are considered to be equally lethal. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

Short‐term capacity allocation problem with tool and setup constraints

We consider a short‐term capacity allocation problem with tool and setup constraints that arises in the context of operational planning in a semiconductor wafer fabrication facility. The problem is that of allocating the available capacity of parallel nonidentical machines to available work‐in‐process (WIP) inventory of operations. Each machine can process a subset of the operations and a tool setup is required on a machine to change processing from one operation to another. Both the number of tools available for an operation and the number of setups that can be performed on a machine during a specified time horizon are limited. We formulate this problem as a degree‐constrained network flow problem on a bipartite graph, show that the problem is NP‐hard, and propose constant factor approximation algorithms. We also develop constructive heuristics and a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure for the problem. Our computational experiments demonstrate that our solution procedures solve the problem efficiently, rendering the use of our algorithms in real environment feasible. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

基于非对称balls-into-bins的高效平衡负载分配模型

在大规模数据中心和P2P覆盖网络等复杂网络负载平衡分配中,前人提出了多种多样的负载分配方法,但许多方法为了达到更好的平衡负载指标,追求越来越复杂的算法,使得时间复杂度和算法复杂度很难控制在合理的范围之内。本文在研究了经典balls-into-bins、Azar balls-into-bins和balls into non-uniformbins等模型的基础上,提出了一种新颖高效的非对称balls-into-bins平衡负载分配模型,该模型具有异构的balls、异构的bins,以及不同的bin选择概率,能以很高的概率将最大负载均衡地控制在合理的范围内,通信负载很小,且具有很好的可扩展性,通过拓展,该模型在负载平衡的诸多领域都将有广阔的应用空间。     

基于巡逻历史与道路优先级的武警巡逻策略

针对武警巡逻车辆配置问题,引入了Dijkstra最短路径算法、K—means聚类算法以及计算几何的相关理论,建立了一套警车巡逻模型,并提出了评价巡逻效果的量化评价标准。采用Dijkstra与K—means算法解决了静态警车配置问题;针对警车动态巡逻方案的设计,提出了基于巡逻历史与道路优先级的道路概率选择算法,并给出了不同情况下的警车配置以及巡逻方案。通过MATLAB仿真实验,证明了算法及模型的先进性和实用性。     

战时装备调配保障决策模型构建研究

分析了战时装备调配保障决策的特点,运用模糊聚类分析法对装备调配保障对象进行了分组和优先级排序,以此为基础,运用目标规划法构建了战时装备调配保障决策模型,最后,通过实例验证了模型的可行性和有效性．     

面向混部云失败批处理作业的预测算法

为了降低混部云失败批处理作业的风险,使用K-means聚类算法将批处理作业分为四类,在分类的基础上提出了二层嵌套分类模型(two-layer nested classification model, TLNM),实现了基于TLNM的预测算法。基于Ali Trace 2018数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法的接受者操作特性(receiver operating characteristic, ROC)曲线明显优于其他常用分类器,ROC曲线下面积(即AUC)可以达到0.978,表明该算法具有良好的分类性能。同时召回率可以达到0.951,通过混淆矩阵可以看出TLNM算法能够准确预测出执行失败的批处理作业。